Making fasteners



G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED 0CT-19, 1918.

1,434,857 Patented Nov. 7, 1922,

I3 SHEETSSHEET l- G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. 1918.

1,434,857,, Patented Nov. '1, 1922.

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65 an cntoz 2 g; g $2 M G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. 1918.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT-19,1918.

1,434,857, Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION man ocr.19.19|a.

Patented NOV. 7, 1922.

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G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS. APPLICATION FILED OCT. I9, 1918.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS. APPLICATION FILED OCT- 19, 1918.

1,434,85Z Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

l3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19. 1918.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

I3 SHEETS SHEEI 8.

G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS. APPLICATION FILED OCT. is, 1918.

Patented NOV. 7, 1922,

l3 SHEETSSHEET 9.

G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19, I918.

Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 19, 1918.

1 434 8557 v PatentedNov. 7 1922.

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G. SUNDBACK.

MAKING FASTENERS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. I9, 1918.

1,434,857,. Patented Nov. 7, 1922.

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GIIOEON SUNDBACK, F MEADVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T0, HOOKLESS IFASTENER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

MAKING FASTENERS.

Application filed October 19, 1918.

also the curved stringers shown in my appli-.

cation Serial No. 159139, filed April 2, 1917.

By the method herein disclosed, fastener stringers embodying apredetermined num ber of interlocking aw members are made on a straightstringer for a predetermined curve, whichare cut apart and assembled onthe curved closure, one stringer with a varying spacing of theinterlocking members combining with a succeeding one with differentspacingto form a complete accurately fitting fastener.

The uses of this fastener are very diversified, straight fasteners asshown in said patent being used on corsets, money belts, footwear,clothing, stretchers, tents and other closures of various kinds, whilecurved fas-.

teners as shown in said application are used for automobile curtains,hand hole closures, etc. where by reason of the curve, a wider or moreconvenient opening is obtained than with an equal length of straightfastener. In order to produce a curved fastener which will be easy toapply and properly function, the spacing of the members on the outerstringer should vary relatively to the spacing on the inner stringer,while on a straight fastener, the spacing is the same.

The general type of machine is disclosed in my Patent 1,331,884, datedFebruary 24, 1920, of which this application is a continuation in part,the novel features of this application being specifically in the tapefeeding mechanism, and broadly in the combinations thereof with the awmember making and setting mechanisms of said earlier application.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a slde elevation of a machine,

Serial No. 258,918.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation,

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing the die and die block,

Fig. 4 is a vertical section on the line 4t-4 of Fig. 3,

Figs. 5, 6, 7 8 and 9 are details of the'top or stripper plate, whichhold the blank down on the dies;

Fig. 10 is a cross-section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 1 showing thepassageway for the blank;

Figs. 11 and 12 are side and front elevations, respectively, showing themovements by which the punching is pressed back into the blank as thepunchers are withdrawn;

Fig. 13 is a side view of the tape feeding mechanism;

Fig. 14 is a front view of the tape feeding mechanism;

Fig. 15 is a side elevation showing a further detail of the tape feed;

Fig. 16 is a further detail front'view;

Fig. 17 is a plan view of'the tape tension;

Fig. 18'is a front view of the variable tape feeding mechanism;

Fig. 19 is atop View;

Fig. 20 is an end view of a double pawl controlling mechanism in neutralposition;

Fig. 21 is an end view in acting position,

Fig. 22 is an end view of the tripping mechanism;

Fig. 23 is a front view of Fig. 21

Figs. 24 and 25 are top views of details;

Fig. 26 is a plan view on an enlarged scale showing the blank and jawmembers at different stages; 7

Figs. 27, 28 and 29, show various forms of stringers produced bydifferent settings of the machine.

1 represents a metal blank, which may be in the form of a flat strip,which is'fed into the machine from the rear toward the front. Themachine is applicable to separate blanks as well as to a continuousstrip, but in making very small fasteners such as herein shown, whichmay be as small as one-eighth inch longand one-sixteenth inch wide whenfastened and applied to the tape, it is preferable to employ a strip.Referring to Figs. 1 and 4, the blank 1 enters guide 2 and passesthrough feed rolls 3, 3, then through guide 9 to the die unit 10, andbetween the side guide plates 11, (see Figs. 3 and 10). The guide plates11 are controlled by wedges 12 (see Figs. 3 and 10). The wedges 12 areoperated through a slide 13 (see Figs. 3 and 4), and cam plates 14 bythe punch head 15,

.held in the slide 16 (see Figs. 11 and 12) and moved up and downthrough connecting rod 17 and crank 18 on the main shaft as. The feedrolls 3, 3 are operated by ratchet 4, pawl 5 and connecting rod 6 fromeccentric 7 mounted on the main shaft 8 (see Figs. 1 and 2).

22 is the blanking punch which punches out the entire member and thepiece 34 into die 23 (see Figs. 3 and 4). As the punch 22 draws out ofthe die, the plunger 24 carried by plunger holder 25 and sleeve 26, isactuated by spring 27 to press the punchings back into original place inthe metal blank 1. The piece 34 (Fig. 26) lies in the blank between thejaws 35 of the punching. This scrap piece 34 is pushed out of the blank1 by punch 36 (see Fig. 4) into the hole 37 in die unit 10. The nextstep is to press or form the punching in its final form ready to beclamped on the tape, and this is effected by punch 38 and recess 39 indie unit 10 (Figs. 4 and 5).

On the down stroke of head 15., as the punches are nearing the blank,the cam plates 14 (see Fig. 3) draw the wedges 12 toward the back,pressin the uide plates 11 toward each other wit the ink 111 between,thus holding the blank firmly in place until released by the forwardmovement of the wedges 12 on the up stroke of head 15. Figs. 3 and 4show the position at the moment the clamping movement of the guideplates 11 has been effected. To allow for wear and variation in thewidth of the blank, 1, the space between the guide plates 11 isadjustable by blocks 19 and set screws 20 (see Figs. 3 and 10).

The function of the guide plates 11 is of vital importance. the twoplates hold the material firmly against spreading and distortion eitherof the punching or of the blank. This enables the subsequent operationson the punching to be controlled through the blank, and ensures suchperfect shape of the finished punchings and correct positioning thereofin the dies, as to produce a highly uniform and symmetrical fastenermember and product. When the guide plates 11 draw tight around the blank1-, they not only bring the blank into a central sition over the dies,but force the punchlngs, if they should happen to get out of place, intocorrect position lengthwlse of the blank. The guide plates spread apartduring the feed and allow an easy and free movement of the 'blank. Italso allows the interlocking or projecting At the time of punching,

end of the fastener punching to lift up out of the recess 39 (see Fig.4) in die unit 10 after the impression ofpunch 38. At this time theblank strip 1, after reach= ing die unit 10, is confined between dieunit 10 on the bottom and stripper plate 21 on the top (see Fig. 10.)

In order to avoid reliance solely upon s ring 27 to press the punchingback into its original place in the blank as punch 22 withdraws, apositive movement is provided. Rod 28 in addition to spring 27 exertspressure on sleeve 26 thus forcin the punching into its place in theblank. Fod 28 is acted upon through screw 29 in lever 30 (see Figs. 11and 12) and connecting links 31, 32 from eccentric 33 on main shaft 8.Upon the return of the punching to its proper place in the blank andwith the co-operation of the side guides, 11, top of die unit 10 andstripper plate 21. the punching can now be fed forward by the blank feedrolls 3, 3, without any danger of becoming displaced. A displacement atthis time would cause much trouble because of the extreme accuracyrequired in finished fastener members of such small dimensions.

The blank after return of the punching is fed forward as above stated sothat the scrap piece 34 can be pushed out of the blank 1 y punch 36, andthen the punching is pressed into recess 39 in die unit 10 by punch 38to form the interlocking recess and projection. At this time, it isnecessary to hold the blank and punching down onto'the face of the dieunit 10 and also to hold it against lateral spreading by contraction ofthe side guides 11. The stripper plate 21 partly performs this function,but in addition there is provided a yielding presser or floater 40 (seeFigs. 5, 6, 8) which is mounted in stripper plate 21 and bears down onthe jaws 35 of the punching, and on the blank 1. by means of springs 41(see Fig. 4) and plunger 42. This plunger 42 is timed and adjusted tocommence pressure as soon as the forward movement of the blank stops,and can be adjusted to exert a positive pressure upon the blank andpunchlng by contacting with a lug on punch block 15 when the punches arein their lowest position. Thus the blank and punching are firmly held inposition while the transversely elongated recess and projection areformed by the punch 38 and die recess 39. 1

When the blank 1, still carrying the fastener member, which is nowfinished and ready to be pressed on the tape. is again fed forward, thefloater or presser 4(l'yields upwardly'so as to permit the projection ofthe fastener member to lift out of the die recess 39 so that it can becarried forward into recess 43 (Figs. 3 and 4) ready to be set. Toprevent the fastener member punching from lifting out of the blank. 1altoge her, the

lift of theyielding presser 40 is limited as shown in Fig. 9. Figs. 6and 7 show the presser 40 at its lowest position and Figs.

8 and 9 show it at its highest position.

The finished punching is now carried forward by the next motions of thefeed rolls 3, 3 until it reaches the position where the jaws 35 straddlethe corded edge of the tape 44 (see Fig. 26). The tape 44 is fedintermittently upwards and at right angles to the blank feed through thehole and slot 45 (see Figs. 3 and 4) in die unit 10. In this position,the jaws 35 are clamped around the corded edge of the tape by side tools46 (see Figs. 3 and 26) which simultaneously press toward each otheronthe outside of the blank 1, while the formed jaw member is being heldbetween the top of the die unit 10 and the resilient presser 40 (seeFigs. 3 and 4). The side tools 46 which set the jaw members on thecarrier element. tape or stringer, are held in the slides 47 which areconnected at 48 to lever 49, rock shaft 50, arm 51, and link 52 to punchblock 15 (see Fig. 2). When the clamping movement is completed,-the tapefeeds up and lifts the jaw member clamped to its corded edge, out of theresidue of the blank, 1, the tape and attached jaw member passingthrough slot 53 in floater 40 (see Fig. 5). There now re mains of theblank 1 only the two edges, which are fed through the tubes 54 (seeFigs. 3 and 4) and cut into small pieces by knives 55 connected to theactuating heads 48 of the side tools, the pieces falling down throughchute 56.

In order to prevent slipping of the feed. the blank 1 is maintainedclean and dry while engaged by the feed rolls 3, 3, and the necessarylubrication of the blank is done after it has passed the feed. This isaccomplished by an ordinary oil pump 57 (see Fig. 1) which drips thelubricant down in tube 58 mounted centrally over the blank 1. Soap andwater is preferably used as a lubricant. because it does not leave astain on a fabric tape.

The tape is wound on spool 59, and leads through guide 60, then upthrough floating tension 61, through hole 45 in die unit 10. thenthrough hole 62 in the punch holder.

then around feed roll 63 having a knurled surface for the tape and agroove 64 for the jaw members, then the tape leads to winding spool 65driven by belt 66 from the main shaft. The groove 64 serves as a leaderand prevents lateral displacement of the tape in passing around teedroll 63. The grip is also assisted by the roughened surface inconjunction with tension 6]..

The tension 61, shown in Fig. 1.7, com prises two tension plates 67having guiding grooves for the cord. and mounted loosely on the ends oflevers 68 which are pivotally connected at 69 and normally pressedvarying .the friction.

apart by spring 70. mounted between screw bushings 71, which can beturned so as to vary the spring pressure at plates 67. The pressure ofthe jaws is transmitted through screw 72 located at about the center ofplates 67, so thatv the plates can rock slightly on the ends of thescrews and adjust themselves to irregularities in the tape without Inorder to prevent puckering the plates 67 at the entering side aretapered so as to smooth'out the tape before it reaches the setting pointof the jaw members. It will thus be seen that the tape is positivelycont-rolled by the feed roll 63, and the varying control of roll 63 forvarying the spacing between jaw members on a single fastener stringer.and the blank spacing between successive stringers will now bedescribed.

Another part of the mechanism when put into operation automaticallyproduces an auxiliary movement of the tape roll by' which the regularspacing between the interlocking members is alternatingly increasedcrease in the tape feed added to or taken off from the regular feed isuniform so that the spacing between the members within the portion ofincrease or decrease remains constant. As a consequence the curve of thefastener is circular in form of a radius proportionate with thedifference between spacing of the members on the out and insidestringer. The mechanism is adjustable to make any desired length ofcurve within its limits.

With this feeding mechanism it is optional to make either straight orcurved or a combination of straight and curved fasteners inpredetermined lengths. The length of a fastener is determined by thenumber of interlocking members on the tape grouped together between theblank spaces. \Vhen the mechanism is set for producing straightfasteners the spacing between the members in a group is constant.

For each two stringers the mechanism for increasing and decreasing theregular spacing makes one reciprocating trip thus making one completecurve to each fastener only. But as the timing of the mechanism in itsrelation to the blank spacing between the stringers is adjustable thesetting can be made to produce the blank space which divides thestringer in center of acurve or any other part of the curve. It followsthat if part of the curve for which the mechanism is set forms the endof one stringer and the other part of the same curve forms the beginningof another stringer a fastener which in effect has two curves, onecurving in the opposite direction to the other is produced.

Tape feed roll 63 is rotatably mounted on shaft 75 and is driven therebythrough a clutch member later to be described. Keyed to shaft 75 is aratchet wheel 76, and rotatably mounted on shaft 75 is abell crank 201,the latter carrying pawl 120 pivotally mounted on one arm thereof, andhaving its other arm pivoted to and oscillated by connecting rod 17.Pivoted to the other end of connecting rod 17 is crank pin 138 in crank.plate 21', the latter being keyed to shaft 8. Crank pin 138 is carriedby a block clamped or otherwise adjustably secured in a radial slot incrank plate 21, and by varying the radius of crank pin 138 the throw ofpawl 120 may be adjusted as desired. Spring 202, between bell crank201'and pawl 120 tends to maintain the latter in engagement with theteeth of ratchet 76. The actual throw of pawl 120 is very much greaterthan is required for the spacing of the fastener members, only a portionof the actual throw being used for this purpose, while the full throw isused to feed blank spaces. To secure the required effective throw forproper spacing, a shield 127 is provided over part of the arc of travelof pawl 120 to hold, the

' latter out of engagement with the teeth of rachet 76. Pawl 120 passesover shield 127 near the end of its throw, and spring 202 then draws itinto engagement with the teeth of ratchet 76, giving the latter a motionof intermittent rotation. Shield 127 is angularly adjustable to providefor the feeding of'any desired number of teeth. For

the feeding of uniformly spaced fasteners for straight lengths, themovement of tape feed roll 63 is identical with that of shaft 75. Toincrease or diminish the space between the fasteners, and so provide forcurved lengths, the motion of shaft is modified by a clutch connection,later to be described, in transmitting such motion to tape feed roll 63.

The spacing control obtained by variable movement of feed roll 63through pawl and ratchet tri ping and differential driving means is sown in Figures 18-25. Referring to Figure 18, ratchet 76 acted upon bypawl 120 is keyed to the shaft 75 which carries splined sleeve 77. Thissleeve 77 has a spiral clutch connection 78 with the longitudinallyfixed sleeve shaft 79 carrying feed roll 63. 80 is a friction brake. Thesleeve 77 revolves within and moves longitudinally with drum 81 threadedon to the longitudinally stationary extension of bearing 82, so that byrotary motion of drum 81 the sleeve 77 is moved axially. For regularspacing the drum 81 .is stationary and the intermittent uniform movementof ratchet 76 is imparted through shaft 75, sleeve 77, sleeve shaft 79onto the tape roll 63. To increase or decreasethe regular intermittentrotary motion of roll 63, the drum 81 is revolved intermittentlycorresponding therewith and moves the sleeve 77 axially in one or theother direction. thereby, through the spiral clutch 78, adding to orsubstracting from the uniform movement imparted by ratchet 76. The drum81, Figures 20 and 21, is revolved by double pawl 83 pivoted at 84 onrocker arm 85. The latter is connected by pin 86 to cross head 87 andreciprocates, fixed in its vertical plane, between the positions A andB. The back of pawl 83 has three notches, one central which by reason ofa good fit with the pointed end of plunger 88 serves to holdthe pawl inneutral position, as illustrated in Figure 20, and one at each end toposition the spring pressure of plunger 88 to hold the pawl in one orthe other of the actuating positions. If the double pawl 83 is inactuating position on one side the feed roll 63 will be acceleratedrelatively to ratchet 76 through the spiral clutch 78, and if in theother actuating position the feed roll will be retarded, while if thepawl is in neutral position, as shown in Figure 20, the drum 81 is at astandstill and tape roll 63 is acted upon only by the drive throughratchet 7 6.

The position of the plunger 88 relative to the three notches on the backof pawl 83 is controlled by screws 89 on plungerrod 90 and screw 91onplunger rod 92, (see Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23) onone hand and by pin 93 onring 94 and pin 95 on ring 96, (see Figs. 19, 20 and 21) on the other.The screws 89 and 91 act on the spring plunger 88' tomove it out ofneutral position into one or the other actuating positions, in otherwords control the starting of the increased or decreased spacing of thefastener members, whereas the stopping is controlled by the pins 93and-95. The rings 94.- and 96 (see Fig. 19) are adjustably fastened to,as by set screws (not shown), and move with the drum 81 whose length oftravel is determined by their positions. Revolved by the pawl 83, thedrum carries the pin 93 on ring 94 in a screw thread line until the pinpushing on one branch of the double lever 97 (see Figs. 21 and 19)connected with the spring plunger 88 through shaft 98 and spring barrel99 throws the spring plunger 88 into the neutral position on back ofpawl 83. Figure 21 shows pin 93 about to acton double lever 97. The pinhas been brought up into this position by the last upward stroke ofrocker arm and is now held by collar 103 (Fig. 19) acting as a brake onthe drum 81 to which the ring 94 and pin 93 are fastened.

The rocker arm 85 (Fig. 21) is on its down-' ward stroke and plunger 88will have moved into the neutral notch on. back of pawl 83 when itreaches the end of the stroke at position B, thus stopping the movementof the drum 81. The pawl now remains neutral and the drum idle until thespring plunger 88 acted upon by screw 89' on plunger rod 90 (see Fig.20) throws the pawl 83 into actuating position and starts the drum inthe opposite direction to continue until pin 95 on ring 96 (see Fig. 19)arrests the motion by bringing pawl 83 into neutral position throughpressure on the other branch of double lever 97. The duration ofincreased or (lecreased'spacing, in other words the length of a curve inthe fastener, is thus controlled by the position of rings 9 1 and 96 onthe drum 81. The collar 103 (see Fig. 18) mounted slidably in a slot ofdrum 81 has a brake lining 112 which serves to hold the drum against theback stroke of the pawl 83 and pressure on pins 93 and 95 required tothrow spring plunger 88 into neutral position as well as to preventaccidental rotary movements.

To start the drum 81 the pawl 83 is thrown from neutral into actuatingposition by one or the other of screws 89, 91 on plunger rods 90, 92(see Figs. 23, 24 and 25). The latter slide in bearing 82 and areconnected by lever 100 pivoted at 101 on bearing 82. When screw 91 is incentral position at E (Fig. 23) the screw 89 is in central position atH. The positions at F and G of screw 89 correspond with positions C andD of screw 91, respectively. Only one of the said screws can be inactuating position at once. To

move pawl 83 out of neutral position screw 91 is brought to position C(see Fig. 23) directly above spring plunger 88, so that when rocker arm85 moves into position A (see Fig. 21) the spring plunger iscaused byscrew 91 to throw pawl 83 into actuating position as shown in Fig. 21.To revolve drum 81 in the other direction, screw 89 is similarlybroughtto position G (Fig. 23) to move spring plunger 88 in the other directionas rocker arm 85 moves towards position B shown in Fig. 21. The timingof a period of increased or decreased spacing or in other words thepositionof a curve relative to the straight portions of a fastener andthe blank spaces between the groups of members is thus controlled by thepositions of screws 89 and 91 on the plunger rods 90 and 92.

The movement of the plunger rods 90 and 92 carrying the screws 89 and 91is controlled by the axial movement of drum 81 through collar 103, rod104, lever 105, pronged slide 11 1, and spring 102, (Figs. 18-19) on onehand and catch 106, dog 107 and trip 108 on the other, (Figs. 22-23).Catch 106 fits slot 109 in plunger 90 and is solidly connected with dog107 through shaft 110. Actuated by spring 111 (Fig. 22) the I catch 106is constantly pressing against the plunger rod 90 and when this rod inits travel back and forth brings the slot 109 in line with the catch 106(Fig. 23) the latter snaps in and locks the plunger rods and screws 9.1and 89 in their respective positions E and H. The release of rod 90 isaccomplished by-the trip 108 (Figs. 22-23) slidably secured to frictionratchet 119. This ratchet makes one revolution for each group ofinterlocking members or for each stringer. Once. in each revolution thetrip 108 lifts the catch 106 out of the slot 109 in rod 90 and releasesthe rods 90 and 92'for longitudinal movements. Referring to Fig. 19 therod 104, dovetailed to collar 103 in the slot of drum 81, travels backand forth with the axial movement of the drum and through its connectionoscillates the forked end of the lever 105 pivoted at 113 as shown inFig. 25. Guided in a slot in the bearing 82 and interlocked with theforked end of lever 105 is the slide 114:, see Figs. 22 and 23, havingtwo prongs 115 and 116 extending upwards into a slot in plunger rod 92,(Fig. 23). The two prongs embrace a compression spring 102 lodged withinthe plunger 92 (Fig. 24). Moved by the lever 105'the prongs on slide114. oscillate with the movement of the drum 81 and press the spring 102against the plan ger rod 92 at point 117 when moved in one direction andat point 118 when moved in the other (Fig. 25).

Friction ratchet 119 determines the length of a stringer bytiming theincreased feed of tape to produce a blank space which separates onegroup of members from another.

The driving pawl 120-for ratchet 76 automatically feeds ratchet 7 6 theexcess length of tape required for this purpose, through a second pawl122 (Figs. 15 and 16) plvoted on pin 123 and held against p1n"124 byspring 125. Pawl 122 is mounted on the friction ratchet 119. and extendsover the teeth of ratchet 76. The friction ratchet 119 is rotatablymounted on shaft 75 (Figures 13 and 14) between ratchet 76 and shield127 and is held against accidental rotary movement by brake 128 (Flg.16). As the secondary pawl 122 is carried around on the frictoionratchet 119,-it reaches the osition where pawl 120 at the rear' end of1ts stroke rides over it. ,At the beginning of the forward movement pawl120 then catches the secondary pawl 122. The spring 125 (Fig. 15) yieldsto the pressure of pawl 120 allowing the seconda pawl 122 to swing untilits forward e ge engages the teeth of ratchet 76. The swinging movementbeing. arrested, continued pressure of pawl 120 carries with it thesecondary pawl 122, the two ratchets 119 and 76, the shaft and the tape.The ratchet 119 is moved by ring 130 (Fig. 15) through rolls 131 andsprings 132. Arm 133 which operates ring 130 is operated by the spring134 and connecting rod 6 through pin 135 in clamp 136 fastened toconnecting rod 6. Eccentric 7 1S operated by shaft 8 and carries theconnecting rod 6. The stroke of arm 133 is adjustable by the micrometerhead 137 in bracket 138 (Fig. 15) attached to the frame of the machine.The adjustment ranges from a maximum length equal to the throw ofconnecting rod 6 to a very small minimum. Thus the secondary pawl 122,carried around by the friction ratchet 119, is made to complete a singlerevolution during a predetermined number of operations of the machineaccording to the setting of micrometer 137, and in this way determinesthe length of the fastener. lVhen the secondary pawl 122 is effective,it will be seen that a long throw will be given the tape feed, equal tothe full stroke of pawl 120.

The trip 108 slidably mounted on the friction ratchet 119 which carriesthe secondary pawl 122 is adjustable to any position on the ratchet soas to release plunger rods 90 and 92 for action to start the increase ordecrease in the spacing at any point of a stringer. This trip 108 startsone curve at a predetermined point in each stringer, but if set in aposition relative to the pawl 122, so as to start the curve near the endof one stringer and the curve continues on the next, a fastener made upof stringers as shown in Fig. 29, having one curve at each end will beproduced.

When pin 93 on ring 94 stops the barrel 81 (Fig. 19) by moving thespring plunger 88 and pawl 83 (Figs. 20 and 21) into neutral, the rod104, (Fig. 19) has moved with the drum and brought the lever 105 into aposition illustrated in Fig. 25, where the position of prong 115 onslide 114 held by the lever exerts pressure on plunger rod 92 at point.117. The plunger rod 92 by reason of its connection through'lever -100with plunger rod 90 is held by catch 106 in slot 109 (Fig; 23) andscrews 89 and 91 locked in their respective positions H and E. Therocker arm is brought to idling up and down between A and B (Fig. 21).The sleeve 77 is held axially by the idle drum 81 and revolvingintermittently with the motion of shaft 79 transmits to tape roll 63 themovements of ratchet 7 6 and feeds the tape for regular spacing of astraight fastenor, The friction ratchet 119 is travelling in accordancewith the stroke of arm 133 (Fig. 15) and brings the trip 108 (Fig. 22)in a clockwise direction up towards the trip 107. Continuing themovement of the trip 107 catch 106 is lifted out of the slot plunger 88and forces it out of neutral position shown in Fig. 20, upwards, as therocker arm moves down from position A into B (Fig. 21) and brings pawl83 into actuating position. The drum 81 now commences its intermittentrotary movement inan anticlockwise direction and guided by the leftthreads on bearingextension 82 (Fig. 18) moves axially towards the tapefeed roll. Sleeve 77 now transmits to the tape feed roll 63 for eachrevolution of the machine the regular forward movement of pawl 76 aswell as a regular slight backward movement as the clutch end of sleeve77 moves longitudinally into the clutch end of sleeve shaft 79 (Fig. 18)producing as a result a shortened forward movement of the tape feed roll63 or a decreased spacing between the members going onto the tape. Asthe drum 81 continues its axial movement the lever 105 releases thespring pressure at point 117, (Fig. 25) and'gradually exerts pressure inthe opposite direction through prong 116 at point 118. Free to move, therods and 92 yield to the spring pressure and move the screws 89 and 91back from the positions G and D towards H and E, (Fig. 23). lVhenreached, the catch 106 which has meanwhile been passed by the trip 108and now controlled by spring 111 snaps into the slot 109 and locks thescrews 89 and 91 in the H and E positions. The lever 105 continues tomove with the drum and prong 116 (Fig. 25) is now compressing spring 102against point 118 in rod 92 which is now locked. The movemeint of thedrum 81 continues until in on ring 96 comes in contact with the doublelever 97, and brings pawl 88 into neutral, stopping the drum and thebackward movement imparted to feed roll 63 by the axial movement ofsleeve 77, thus reverting the tape feed roll 63 to the regular forwardmovement of ratchet 76 and spacing of the members for a straightfastener. The trip 108 has meanwhile completed a round with the frictionratchet 119 and again lifts the catch 106. The pressure of spring 102now directed at point 118 (Fig. 25) snaps the screw 91 on rod 92 (Fig.23) into actuating position at and starts the drum in the oppositedirection. Sleeve 77 is now moving away from tape feed roll 63 andthereby transmits a slight forward movement to the tape roll. inaddition to the regular movement by the ratchet 76. and the machine isthus producing a stringer with increased spacing between the membersuntil the drum is again stopped by pin 93. The secondary pawl 122, whichin connection with pawl 120 and ratchet 76, acts upon the tape feed roll63 to effect the blank space of tape dividing one stringer from another,travels with the friction ratchet 119 at the same rate of speed as thetrip 108. The latter is adjustable on the friction ratchet to anyposition in relation to pawl 123, and when set, repeatedly sets the drum81 into motion at the predetermined time relative to the action of pawl123, in other words, places the curve in any desired position inrelation to the ends of the fastener. 29 illustrates a stringer wherethe action of pawl 122 on th tape roll has taken place while drum 81 wasin motion and half ways between the rings 94 and 96, and in this wayplaces, half of one curve at the beginning and half of the other curveat the end of the same fastener.

In order to produce curved fasteners without any straight portions thetravel of the friction ratchet 119 is timed by micrometer head 137 (Fig.15) to correspond with the length of travel of the drum as regulated bythe positions of rings 94 and 96, so that trip 108 on the frictionratchet starts the drum.

off on a reciprocating trip immediately it is brought to rest by eitherone of the rings. 1f the pawl 122 acts and produces the blank spacesimultaneously with this stopping and starting of the drum, that is,groups the members of increased spacing on one stringer and members ofdecreased spacing on the next, a circular fastener results, whereas ifthe blank space groups members of increased spacing followed by membersof decreased spacing in succession on the same stringer an S shapedfastener will be the outcome.

The radius of the curve is fixed either by the teeth on drum 81, or bythe pitch of the threads on hearing 82 and drum 81, or by the pitch ofthe spiral cam clutch 78. The length of the curve varies with the travelof drum 81 as regulated by the distance between rings 94, 96. The drum.should be stopped before trip 108 has made a complete revolution. Theacceleration and retard can be timed to occur at any point of thestringer, thereby permitting 8 shaped stringers such as shown in Fig. 29to be made.

For making straight fasteners with uniform spacing, the trip 108 isremoved from friction ratchet 119, so that the double pawl 83 remains inneutral position after having been once brought there by pins 93 or 95on rings 94 or 96. The variable spacing mechanism is thus renderedentirely inoperative as long as desired.

Figure 27 shows the strip for straight closure wherein the spacing isuniform while Figure 28 shows the strip for curved closure wherein, thespacing is varied, the spacing of the curved portion 140 of one groupforming the outside or convex portion of a curve is the greatest and thespacin of the curved port-ion 142 of the group forming the inside orconcave portion of a curve is the least, varying from the normal orstandard interlocking spacing of the straight portion 141 to permit afree and proper action of the fasteners when applied to curved closures.The terms convex and concave are used with reference to the respectivepositions occupied by the tape in relation to the mean line of theclosure, i. e. the curve defined by the engaging portions of thefasteners. In assembling, the'strip is cut as indicated by the dottedlines in Figs. 28 and 29, and a convex portion is fitted to a concaveportion, either of which portions being first inverted.

If not much variation in the lengths of fasteners is required, thefriction ratchet with secondary pawl 122 can be dispensed with. In thiscase the ratchet 76 is provided with a high tooth 139 (see Figure 13)which will pro ect up above the surface of shield 127 so as to be caughtby pawl 120 during each revolution of rat het 121. By changing the throwof pawl 120 by adjusting clamp 138, the length of the metal part of thefastener can be varied to a limited extent without changing the over-alllength including the tape ends. To materially change the length of thefastener the number of teeth in the ratchet 76 can be varied, and alsothe diameter of feed roll 63.

The normal spacing may be varied independently of clutch cam 78 and thevariable feed mechanism, either by varying the throw of pawl 122 throughthe adjustment of crank pin 138 in the slot in crank plate 21', or byangularly adjusting shield 127 to render available a greater or lessportion of the total throw of pawl 122. Thus the normal straight spacingmay be made either greater or less, and as the effect of the variablefeed mechanism is superposed upon that due to' pawl 122, the resultantrotation may be made greater or less, permitting the fasteners to bespaced for a curve of any de sired radius.

The broad principles of the invention can be carried out otherwise thanas herein specifically shown, and the invention is not to be limitedexcept as required by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed, is:

1. vThe method of making fasteners adapted to a curved closureconsisting in affixing jaw members in spaced groups on a continuousstringer in predetermined number while-increasing the spacing of themembers of one group and decreasing the spacing of the members of asucceeding group, and cutting such continuous stringer so that said

